9 Net interest income

Included in interest and similar income are exchange rate gains amounting to T€ 9,247 (2023: T€ 2,259) and interest portions from the plan assets for pension provisions in the amount of T€ 3,240 (2023: T€ 3,752).

Included in interest expense and similar charges are interest components from the allocation of severance payment and pension provisions amounting to T€ 15,502 (2023: T€ 18,733) as well as currency losses of T€ 9,654 (2023: T€ 18,166).

Interest from leases in the amount of T€ 9,664 (2023: T€ 7,630) is included in the interest expense and similar charges.