9 Net interest income

Included in interest and similar income are exchange rate gains amounting to T€ 1,691 (2024: T€ 9,247) and interest portions from the plan assets for pension provisions in the amount of T€ 2,562 (2024: T€ 3,240).

Included in interest expense and similar charges are interest components from the allocation of severance payment and pension provisions amounting to T€ 14,812 (2024: T€ 15,502) as well as currency losses of T€ 12,483 (2024: T€ 9,654).

Interest from leases in the amount of T€ 12,113 (2024: T€ 9,664) is included in the interest expense and similar charges.